Fomina Inna Anatolievna Fomina Inna Anatolievna

The present study offers a comprehensive analysis of the transformation of forensic activity under the influence of artificial intelligence technologies, driven by the digitalization of the evidentiary base and the growing complexity of criminal mechanisms. The work examines key directions of algorithmic processing of forensically significant information, including automated biometric identification systems, neural-network models for video stream analysis, methods of intelligent trace examination, as well as tools for detecting anomalies and latent connections within digital traces. It is demonstrated that the implementation of artificial intelligence systems enhances the accuracy of expert conclusions, expands the possibilities for comprehensive reconstruction of crime events, and optimizes analytical procedures that require the processing of large data volumes. Special emphasis is placed on the emergence of new forms of digital forensic competence, which presuppose the integration of traditional expert methodologies with algorithms of statistical and probabilistic analysis. Furthermore, it is noted that the development of artificial intelligence technologies leads to the formation of fundamentally new types of digital traces, which require methodological conceptualization and the unification of evaluation procedures. Particular attention is devoted to the problem of methodological verifiability of algorithms, arising from the opacity of computational models (the "black box" effect), as well as to the risks of algorithmic bias resulting from imbalanced training datasets. The study substantiates the need for the development of regulatory and technical frameworks establishing requirements for the quality of input data, formal parameters of digital evidence, procedures for the interpretation of automated system outputs, and criteria for their admissibility in criminal proceedings. It is emphasized that the integration of algorithmic tools into forensic analysis requires the preservation of professional human oversight, which must include a critical assessment of computational procedures, double-checking of borderline results, and thorough documentation of all stages of algorithmic processing. The study asserts that the stable functioning of artificial intelligence systems in the field of crime detection and investigation is possible only through a combination of technical standardization, interdisciplinary expert training, and legal regulation, ensuring the minimization of false positives, the prevention of discriminatory errors, and the safeguarding of the principles of fair justice

digital forensics, artificial intelligence, information technologies, forensic analysis, digital technologies, neural networks.

Fomina Inna Anatolievna – Candidate of Juridical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, East-Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (110, Lermontov st., Irkutsk, 664071, Russia Federation), ORCID: 0000-0002-4088-7182, Researcher ID: ACC-5222-2022, e-mail: iafomina@mail.ru

Fomina I.A. Ispol'zovanie iskusstvennogo intellekta v kriminalisticheskom analize: otdel'nye problemy teorii i praktiki [The use of artificial intelligence in forensic analysis: selected problems of theory and practice] Sibirskij yuridicheskij vestnik [Siberian Law Herald]. 2026, no 1 (112), pp. 103–109. – DOI 10.26516/2071-8136.2026.1.103 (in Russian).

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