As a category of criminal law, a conviction resulting from a court conviction affects not only the punishment, exemption from it and from criminal liability, but also the assessment of the personality of the defendant and the legal status of the convicted person. Being an intersectoral legal institution, a criminal record entails not only criminal law, but also penitentiary, post-penitentiary and socio-legal consequences for a citizen convicted in the past, acting virtually indefinitely and after its repayment or removal. Legal conflicts related to a criminal record, the legality and fairness of a defeat in rights already established by normative acts or introduced by new ones, are challenged by former convicts in various courts, including the Constitutional Court of the RF. The article presents a critical analysis of new legal positions on issues related to convictions formulated in 2024 by the named judicial body when considering complaints from Russians who had a conflict with the criminal law. Trends in constitutional justice have been identified, indicating decision-making taking into account the priority of state interests. The increasing trend of the legislator to tighten restrictions for convicted citizens is seen in the recognition of other measures of a criminal law nature as constitutional, applied for committing crimes not only to a person who had a criminal record, but also against other citizens, as well as prohibitions that have come after serving their sentences, without taking into account their excesses and undifferentiation. There is a departure of the court from resolving issues that are really important for law enforcement practice related to the resolution of cases on the merits and the legal assessment of the deed.

The Constitutional Court of Russia, justice, criminal record, legal consequences of a criminal record, legal restriction, repayment of a criminal record, loss of rights, convicted person

Pavlov Alexander Sergeyevich – Postgraduate of the Department of Criminal Law, Southwest State University (94, 50 years of October str., Kursk, 305040, Russian Federation), ORCID: 0009-0006-0743-855X, e-mail: Norker46@yandex.ru

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